Per gli esperti malattie genitali emergenza del futuro: un vademecum dell'ospedale San Paolo per le famiglie
MILANO- Una bomba a orologeria. Per gli specialisti milanesi le malattie genitali e sessuali maschili sono un mondo sommerso che rischia di raddoppiare l'incidenza dell'infertilità tra i giovani. Ragazzi che, abolita la visita di leva, arrivano alla diagnosi di queste patologie quando ormai è troppo tardi. Risultato: boom di infertili e di portatori di malattie sessualmente trasmissibili che rischiano di contagiare le partner. A lanciare l'allarme è l'endocrino-andrologo Mario Mancini, responsabile dell'ambulatorio di Andrologia pediatrica dell'ospedale San Paolo di Milano. L'esperto parla con i dati alla mano: «Dalle nostre indagini nelle scuole superiori della metropoli emerge che un adolescente su due non usa il preservativo. Il 25% di questi entra in contatto con infezioni e il 12,5% si trasforma in "untore". Ma la situazione non è diversa neanche nel resto d'Italia».
INFEZIONI E NON SOLO - C'è un universo di malattie andrologiche che non esce allo scoperto: varicocele e problemi ai testicoli, malattie sessualmente trasmesse, tumori. «Potremmo trovarci di fronte alla vera emergenza del futuro. Altro che influenza», avverte Mancini. Malattie che, se non diagnosticate in tempo, portano all'infertilità: «Ci siamo accorti che un giovane infertile su tre mostra tracce di lesioni da infezione cronica alla prostata. Il che ci fa pensare che la loro infertilità era prevenibile».
L'OPUSCOLO - Gli esperti del San Paolo sono talmente preoccupati che, in collaborazione con il Consiglio di Zona 6 (l'area di Milano dove sorge l'ospedale), hanno deciso di lanciare un vademecum: «Il mondo sotto l'ombelico-Andrologia del ragazzo», e di distribuirlo negli studi dei medici di medicina generale e dei pediatri. Una decina di pagine in cui, con linguaggio semplice e diretto, gli specialisti offrono agli adolescenti e alle loro famiglie informazioni utili per riconoscere eventuali disturbi. Obiettivo: favorire la prevenzione e la diagnosi precoce. L'opuscolo ha in particolare l'obiettivo di fornire agli adolescenti e alle loro famiglie tutte le informazioni utili per capire se per un particolare problema andrologico c'è bisogno di chiedere l'aiuto del medico di famiglia, del pediatra o dello specialista, oppure se rientra in una situazione di normalità.
Origine:corriere.it
Test Infertilità Maschile
giovedì 12 novembre 2009
martedì 10 novembre 2009
Generation of DNA profiles from fabrics without DNA extraction
Abstract...
DNA profiles can be obtained from fabrics where a person has made direct contact with clothing. A standard approach is to cut out a section of the fabric and then use a commercially available method to extract and isolate the DNA. Alternative methods to isolate DNA include the use of adhesive tape to remove traces of cellular material from the fabric prior to extraction. We report on a process to obtain full DNA profiles using direct amplification from a range of fabrics. The absence of an extraction step both reduces the opportunity for contamination and reduces the loss of DNA during the extraction process, increasing the sensitivity of the process of generating a DNA profile. The process does not require the use of commercially available extraction kits thus reducing the cost of generating a DNA profile from trace amounts of starting material. The results are in part dependent upon the nature of the fabric used to which the DNA has been transferred.
Origine:fsigenetics.com
DNA profiles can be obtained from fabrics where a person has made direct contact with clothing. A standard approach is to cut out a section of the fabric and then use a commercially available method to extract and isolate the DNA. Alternative methods to isolate DNA include the use of adhesive tape to remove traces of cellular material from the fabric prior to extraction. We report on a process to obtain full DNA profiles using direct amplification from a range of fabrics. The absence of an extraction step both reduces the opportunity for contamination and reduces the loss of DNA during the extraction process, increasing the sensitivity of the process of generating a DNA profile. The process does not require the use of commercially available extraction kits thus reducing the cost of generating a DNA profile from trace amounts of starting material. The results are in part dependent upon the nature of the fabric used to which the DNA has been transferred.
Origine:fsigenetics.com
Casework testing of the multiplex kits AmpFℓSTR® SEfiler Plus™ PCR amplification kit (AB), PowerPlex® S5 System (Promega) and AmpFℓSTR® MiniFiler™ PCR
Abstract
The STR kits SEfiler Plus™ (D3S1358, FGA, D8S1179, D18S51, D21S11, TH01, VWA, SE33, D2S1338, D16S539, D19S433, and Amelogenin), PowerPlex® S5 System (D18S51, D8S1179, TH01, FGA, Amelogenin) and MiniFiler™ (D13S317, D7S820, Amelogenin, D2S1338, D21S11, D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, and FGA) were comparatively tested for their robustness and sensitivity. About fifty stains with highly degraded DNA and little DNA quantity served as examination material (e.g. hair with a telogen root, bones, degraded saliva stains on drinking-vessels and skin cell mixtures).
The PowerPlex® S5 with five German-DNA-database (DAD)-systems and the MiniFiler kit with four topical DAD-systems and further STR markers show reduced amplicon lengths. The SEfiler Plus™ kit represents no MiniSTR multiplex, but contains the nine current DAD-systems and further three systems D2S1338, D16S539, D19S433, which are the potential expansion markers for the German-DNA-database.
We have detected on the basis of our comparative stain investigations, that the SEfiler Plus kit was less sensitive than the PowerPlex® S5 and the MiniFiler kit. The MiniFiler™ and the PowerPlex® S5 kit showed a comparative high sensitivity.
Especially in analysing skin cell mixtures, the MiniFiler kit contained larger differences with regard to the performance of the fluorescent dyes/primer concentration co-ordination than the PowerPlex® S5. The SEfiler Plus kit generated – just as both MiniSTR kits – relative robust typing results, but there appeared an increased sensitivity for “allelic drop-outs” and “imbalances”. Since the SEfiler Plus kit was not planned as MiniSTR concept, “allelic drop-outs” were observed, as expected, more frequent in typing stains with degraded DNA and little DNA quantity, especially in the long PCR products (e.g. D18S51).
Origine: fsigenetics.com
The STR kits SEfiler Plus™ (D3S1358, FGA, D8S1179, D18S51, D21S11, TH01, VWA, SE33, D2S1338, D16S539, D19S433, and Amelogenin), PowerPlex® S5 System (D18S51, D8S1179, TH01, FGA, Amelogenin) and MiniFiler™ (D13S317, D7S820, Amelogenin, D2S1338, D21S11, D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, and FGA) were comparatively tested for their robustness and sensitivity. About fifty stains with highly degraded DNA and little DNA quantity served as examination material (e.g. hair with a telogen root, bones, degraded saliva stains on drinking-vessels and skin cell mixtures).
The PowerPlex® S5 with five German-DNA-database (DAD)-systems and the MiniFiler kit with four topical DAD-systems and further STR markers show reduced amplicon lengths. The SEfiler Plus™ kit represents no MiniSTR multiplex, but contains the nine current DAD-systems and further three systems D2S1338, D16S539, D19S433, which are the potential expansion markers for the German-DNA-database.
We have detected on the basis of our comparative stain investigations, that the SEfiler Plus kit was less sensitive than the PowerPlex® S5 and the MiniFiler kit. The MiniFiler™ and the PowerPlex® S5 kit showed a comparative high sensitivity.
Especially in analysing skin cell mixtures, the MiniFiler kit contained larger differences with regard to the performance of the fluorescent dyes/primer concentration co-ordination than the PowerPlex® S5. The SEfiler Plus kit generated – just as both MiniSTR kits – relative robust typing results, but there appeared an increased sensitivity for “allelic drop-outs” and “imbalances”. Since the SEfiler Plus kit was not planned as MiniSTR concept, “allelic drop-outs” were observed, as expected, more frequent in typing stains with degraded DNA and little DNA quantity, especially in the long PCR products (e.g. D18S51).
Origine: fsigenetics.com
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